{"id":10434,"date":"2009-04-14T13:50:44","date_gmt":"2009-04-14T10:50:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/studentpmr.ru\/?p=10434"},"modified":"2009-04-14T13:50:44","modified_gmt":"2009-04-14T10:50:44","slug":"%d1%81%d1%80%d0%b5%d0%b4%d0%bd%d1%8f%d1%8f-%d0%bf%d0%be%d0%b2%d0%b5%d1%80%d1%85%d0%bd%d0%be%d1%81%d1%82%d0%bd%d0%b0%d1%8f-%d1%82%d0%b5%d0%bc%d0%bf%d0%b5%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%82%d1%83%d1%80%d0%b0-%d0%ba","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/studentpmr.ru\/?p=10434","title":{"rendered":"\u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044f\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0430"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/studentpmr.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/04\/clip-image00158.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" title=\"\u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044f\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0430\" style=\"border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: inline; border-left: 0px; border-bottom: 0px\" height=\"240\" alt=\"\u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044f\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0430\" src=\"http:\/\/studentpmr.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/04\/clip-image001-thumb55.gif\" width=\"223\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a>\u041d\u0430 \u0440\u0438\u0441.4.2 \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d \u042d\u0412\u0410, \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043f\u0438\u043f\u0435\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b L<sub>1<\/sub>, L<sub>2<\/sub> (L<sub>1<\/sub>&gt;L<sub>2<\/sub>) \u0438 h. \u041f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0430, \u0441\u0443\u043c\u043c\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u0420<sup>*<\/sup>. \u0422\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u043e \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0439, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0443\u0445, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u0422\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044b \u2013 t<sub>c<\/sub> , \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0433\u0430\u0437\u0430 \u0432\u043d\u0435 \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u2013 H. \u041e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043c \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044e\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0430 t<sub>\u043a<\/sub> :<\/p>\n<p> <!--more-->  <\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/studentpmr.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/04\/clip-image00323.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" title=\"clip_image003\" style=\"border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: inline; border-left: 0px; border-bottom: 0px\" height=\"76\" alt=\"clip_image003\" src=\"http:\/\/studentpmr.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/04\/clip-image003-thumb22.gif\" width=\"117\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a> (4.17)<\/p>\n<p>\u0414\u043b\u044f \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0438 s<sub>\u043a\u0441<\/sub>, \u043d\u043e \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u043b\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u0435\u0439, \u043d\u0438\u0436\u043d\u0435\u0439 (\u0434\u043d\u043e) \u0438 \u0431\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d\u043e\u043a \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043c s<sub>\u043a\u0441<\/sub> \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0441\u0443\u043c\u043c\u0443 \u0442\u0440\u0451\u0445 \u0441\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445<\/p>\n<p>s<sub>\u043a\u0441<\/sub>=s<sub>\u043a\u0441\u0431<\/sub>+s<sub>\u043a\u0441\u0432<\/sub>+s<sub>\u043a\u0441\u0434<\/sub> , (4.18)<\/p>\n<p>\u0433\u0434\u0435 s<sub>\u043a\u0441\u0431<\/sub>, s<sub>\u043a\u0441\u0432<\/sub>, s<sub>\u043a\u0441\u0434<\/sub> \u2013 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0431\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c\u0438, \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0438 \u043d\u0438\u0436\u043d\u0435\u0439 (\u0434\u043d\u043e) \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0430. \u0412 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435<\/p>\n<p>s<sub>\u043a\u0441<\/sub><sub>i<\/sub>=(a<sub>i<\/sub><sub>\u043a<\/sub> +a<sub>i<\/sub><sub>\u043b<\/sub>)S<sub>i<\/sub>, i=\u0431,\u0432,\u0434, (4.19)<\/p>\n<p>\u0433\u0434\u0435 a<sub>i<\/sub><sub>\u043a<\/sub> \u0438 a<sub>i<\/sub><sub>\u043b<\/sub> \u2013 \u043a\u043e\u044d\u0444\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u0438 \u0438\u0437\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c i-\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0430, \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0449\u0430\u0434\u044c \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0430 S<sub>i<\/sub>. \u0412\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u044b S<sub>i<\/sub> \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u0430\u043c<\/p>\n<p>S<sub>\u0431<\/sub>=2h(L<sub>1<\/sub> +L<sub>2<\/sub>) \u0438 S<sub>\u0432<\/sub>=S<sub>\u0434<\/sub>=L<sub>1<\/sub> L<sub>2<\/sub> (4.20)<\/p>\n<p>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0430 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e, \u0442\u043e<\/p>\n<p>a<sub>\u0431\u043b<\/sub> =a<sub>\u0432\u043b<\/sub> =a<sub>\u0434\u043b<\/sub> =a<sub>\u043b<\/sub> =e<sub>ij<\/sub>j<sub>ij<\/sub> <i>f<\/i>(t<sub>\u043a<\/sub>, t<sub>c<\/sub>) . (4.21)<\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0432 \u0432 (4.2.2) \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043c:<\/p>\n<p>s<sub>\u043a\u0441<\/sub>=(a<sub>\u0431\u043a<\/sub> + a<sub>\u043b<\/sub>)S<sub>\u0431<\/sub> + (a<sub>\u0432\u043a<\/sub> + a<sub>\u043b<\/sub>)S<sub>\u0432<\/sub> + (a<sub>\u0434\u043a<\/sub> +a<sub>\u043b<\/sub>)S<sub>\u0434<\/sub> . (4.22)<\/p>\n<p>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0430 \u0438 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044b \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0445 \u043e\u0442 20 \u0434\u043e 40\u00b0\u0421 \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433 \u043e\u0442 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0430 10 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0443\u0441\u043e\u0432, \u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0447\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0442\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430 (e<sub>\u043a<\/sub>=0,8), \u0442\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e <a href=\"http:\/\/studentpmr.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/04\/clip-image00527.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" title=\"clip_image005\" style=\"border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: inline; border-left: 0px; border-bottom: 0px\" height=\"52\" alt=\"clip_image005\" src=\"http:\/\/studentpmr.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/04\/clip-image005-thumb25.gif\" width=\"147\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 t<sub>\u043a<\/sub> \u2013 t<sub>\u0441<\/sub> ? 10 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0443\u0441\u043e\u0432, h = 0,1?0,5\u043c \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0435 <a href=\"http:\/\/studentpmr.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/04\/clip-image00729.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" title=\"clip_image007\" style=\"border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: inline; border-left: 0px; border-bottom: 0px\" height=\"56\" alt=\"clip_image007\" src=\"http:\/\/studentpmr.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/04\/clip-image007-thumb25.gif\" width=\"115\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a>, \u0442\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f a<sub>\u0431\u043a<\/sub> \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b 2,4?4,4 <a href=\"http:\/\/studentpmr.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/04\/clip-image00929.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" title=\"clip_image009\" style=\"border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: inline; border-left: 0px; border-bottom: 0px\" height=\"52\" alt=\"clip_image009\" src=\"http:\/\/studentpmr.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/04\/clip-image009-thumb26.gif\" width=\"65\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a>, \u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u043c <a href=\"http:\/\/studentpmr.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/04\/clip-image01123.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" title=\"clip_image011\" style=\"border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: inline; border-left: 0px; border-bottom: 0px\" height=\"52\" alt=\"clip_image011\" src=\"http:\/\/studentpmr.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/04\/clip-image011-thumb20.gif\" width=\"152\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u041e\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u043c <\/p>\n<p>s<sub>\u043a\u0441<\/sub>=9S<sub>\u043a<\/sub> <a href=\"http:\/\/studentpmr.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/04\/clip-image01323.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" title=\"clip_image013\" style=\"border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: inline; border-left: 0px; border-bottom: 0px\" height=\"52\" alt=\"clip_image013\" src=\"http:\/\/studentpmr.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/04\/clip-image013-thumb22.gif\" width=\"44\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a>, (4.23)<\/p>\n<p>\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 <\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/studentpmr.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/04\/clip-image01528.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" title=\"clip_image015\" style=\"border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: inline; border-left: 0px; border-bottom: 0px\" height=\"52\" alt=\"clip_image015\" src=\"http:\/\/studentpmr.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/04\/clip-image015-thumb25.gif\" width=\"151\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a>, (4.24)<\/p>\n<p>\u0433\u0434\u0435 \u0420 \u2013 \u0432 \u0432\u0430\u0442\u0442\u0430\u0445, S<sub>\u043a<\/sub> \u2013 \u0432 \u043a\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0445.<\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 1.<\/p>\n<p>\u041e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044e\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443 \u042d\u0412\u0410 \u0441 \u0433\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f\u0445: L<sub>1<\/sub>=0,2 \u043c; L<sub>2<\/sub>=0,3 \u043c; h=0,4 \u043c; \u0420<sup>*<\/sup>=100 \u0412\u0442; e<sub>\u043a<\/sub>=0,9; t<sub>c<\/sub>=20\u00b0C; H=760 \u043c\u043c \u0440\u0442. \u0441\u0442. <\/p>\n<p>1) \u0417\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043c \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0430 \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 <\/p>\n<p>t<sub>\u043a<\/sub>=t<sub>c<\/sub>+10=30\u00b0C<\/p>\n<p>2) \u041e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c s<sub>\u043a\u04411<\/sub>, \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e <\/p>\n<p>S<sub>\u0432<\/sub>=S<sub>\u0434<\/sub>=L<sub>1<\/sub> L<sub>2<\/sub> =0,2? 0,3 = 0,06 \u043c<sup>2<\/sup><\/p>\n<p>S<sub>\u0431<\/sub>=2(L<sub>1<\/sub> +L<sub>2<\/sub>)h =2(0,2+0,3)? 0,4 =0,4 \u043c<sup>2<\/sup><\/p>\n<p>\u041a\u043e\u044d\u0444\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0430 \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0439, \u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0447\u0442\u043e f(t<sub>r<\/sub>, t<sub>c<\/sub>)=f(30;20)=6,02 [\u0412\u0442\/(\u043c<sup>2<\/sup>\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434)], \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043c a<sub>\u043b<\/sub>=0,9?6,02=5,42 [\u0412\u0442\/(\u043c<sup>2<\/sup>\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434)].<\/p>\n<p>t<sub>m<\/sub>=1\/2(t<sub>\u043a<\/sub> + t<sub>c<\/sub>)=1\/2(30 +20)=25\u00b0C<\/p>\n<p>A(t<sub>m<\/sub>)=1,37 [\u0412\u0442\/(\u043c<sup>7\/4<\/sup>\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434<sup>5\/4<\/sup>)]<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/studentpmr.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/04\/clip-image01722.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" title=\"clip_image017\" style=\"border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: inline; border-left: 0px; border-bottom: 0px\" height=\"65\" alt=\"clip_image017\" src=\"http:\/\/studentpmr.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/04\/clip-image017-thumb20.gif\" width=\"216\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/studentpmr.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/04\/clip-image01925.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" title=\"clip_image019\" style=\"border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: inline; border-left: 0px; border-bottom: 0px\" height=\"64\" alt=\"clip_image019\" src=\"http:\/\/studentpmr.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/04\/clip-image019-thumb24.gif\" width=\"240\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/studentpmr.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/04\/clip-image02124.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" title=\"clip_image021\" style=\"border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: inline; border-left: 0px; border-bottom: 0px\" height=\"63\" alt=\"clip_image021\" src=\"http:\/\/studentpmr.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/04\/clip-image021-thumb21.gif\" width=\"240\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a> \u0412\u0442\/\u043c<sup>2<\/sup>\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434<\/p>\n<p>\u0421\u0443\u043c\u043c\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u044d\u0444\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0430:<\/p>\n<p>a<sub>\u0431<\/sub>=3,06+5,42=8,48; a<sub>\u0432<\/sub>=4,72+ 5,42 = 10,14; a<sub>\u0434<\/sub>=2,54+5,42=7,96 [\u0412\u0442\/(\u043c<sup>2<\/sup>\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434)].    <br \/>\u041e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043c \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0430:<\/p>\n<p>s<sub>\u043a\u0441\u0431<\/sub>=8,48?0,4=3,39; s<sub>\u043a\u0441\u0432<\/sub>=10,14?0,06=0,61; s<sub>\u043a\u0441\u0434<\/sub>=7,96?0,06=0,48; <\/p>\n<p>s<sub>\u043a\u04411<\/sub>=3,39+0,61+0,48=4,48 [\u0412\u0442\/\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434].<\/p>\n<p>\u0422\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a, \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0435\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043e\u043c, \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044b\u043c \u0434\u043e \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b t<sub>\u043a1<\/sub> \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0420<sub>1<\/sub>=s<sub>\u043a\u04411<\/sub>(t<sub>\u043a<\/sub> \u2013 t<sub>\u0441<\/sub>)=4,48(30-20)=44,8 \u0412\u0442.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/studentpmr.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/04\/clip-image02252.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" title=\"clip_image022\" style=\"border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: inline; border-left: 0px; border-bottom: 0px\" height=\"240\" alt=\"clip_image022\" src=\"http:\/\/studentpmr.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/04\/clip-image022-thumb50.gif\" width=\"240\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0418\u0442\u0430\u043a, \u043a\u043e\u043e\u0440\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438:<\/p>\n<p>t<sub>\u043a1<\/sub>-t<sub>\u0441<\/sub>=10 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434; \u0420<sub>1<\/sub>=44,8 \u0412\u0442.<\/p>\n<p>3) \u0420\u0430\u0441\u0447\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043e\u0440\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0442 \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438 t<sub>\u043a2<\/sub>=t<sub>\u043a1<\/sub>+20=30+20=50\u00b0\u0421.<\/p>\n<p>\u0422\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043d \u0420<sub>2<\/sub>=160 \u0412\u0442.<\/p>\n<p>\u0413\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0451\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0438\u0441.4.3 \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0451\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0420<sup>*<\/sup>=100 \u0412\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0432 n<sub>\u043a<\/sub><sup>*<\/sup> \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 20 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0443\u0441\u043e\u0432, \u0430 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0430 t<sub>\u043a<\/sub><sup>*<\/sup>=40\u00b0\u0421. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u0435:<\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u0438 \u0420<sup>*<\/sup>=100 \u0412\u0442 <a href=\"http:\/\/studentpmr.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/04\/clip-image02449.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" title=\"clip_image024\" style=\"border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: inline; border-left: 0px; border-bottom: 0px\" height=\"51\" alt=\"clip_image024\" src=\"http:\/\/studentpmr.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/04\/clip-image024-thumb48.gif\" width=\"205\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u0438 \u0420<sub>1<\/sub>=44,8 \u0412\u0442 <a href=\"http:\/\/studentpmr.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/04\/clip-image02650.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" title=\"clip_image026\" style=\"border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: inline; border-left: 0px; border-bottom: 0px\" height=\"51\" alt=\"clip_image026\" src=\"http:\/\/studentpmr.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/04\/clip-image026-thumb43.gif\" width=\"211\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u0438 \u0420<sub>2<\/sub>=160 \u0412\u0442 <a href=\"http:\/\/studentpmr.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/04\/clip-image02846.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" title=\"clip_image028\" style=\"border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: inline; border-left: 0px; border-bottom: 0px\" height=\"51\" alt=\"clip_image028\" src=\"http:\/\/studentpmr.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/04\/clip-image028-thumb36.gif\" width=\"212\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0430 \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0447\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041d\u0430 \u0440\u0438\u0441.4.2 \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d \u042d\u0412\u0410, \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043f\u0438\u043f\u0435\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b L1, L2 (L1&gt;L2) \u0438 h. \u041f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0430, \u0441\u0443\u043c\u043c\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u0420*. \u0422\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u043e \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0439, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0443\u0445, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u0422\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044b \u2013 tc , \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0433\u0430\u0437\u0430 \u0432\u043d\u0435 \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u2013 H. \u041e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043c \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044e\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443 <a class=\"readmore\" href=\"http:\/\/studentpmr.ru\/?p=10434\">\u0427\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0435<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/studentpmr.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10434"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/studentpmr.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/studentpmr.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/studentpmr.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/studentpmr.ru\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=10434"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/studentpmr.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10434\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/studentpmr.ru\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=10434"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/studentpmr.ru\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=10434"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/studentpmr.ru\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=10434"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}